Automatic magazine-gun.



110. 821,921, PATENTBD MAY 29,1906.

.. A, BURGBSS,

AUTOMATIC MAGAZNE GUN.

APPLICATION FILED mm1?, 190s,

, @Montag 4o pin and magazine narran srafrns No. smeer.

.Specification of Letters Patent.

ensured ivi-ay 2e, 190e.

.Application led October 17, 1963- Serial No. 177,413.

To all whom, it Wtay concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW Buscass, a citizen of the United States, residing at Uwego,

in the county of Tioga and State of N ew York,

have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Automatic Magazine-Guns, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to automatic magazine-guns.

The object of the invention is to produce a magazine-gun in which the front end of a lengthwisefeeding magazine shall serve as a carrier to move the cartridge sufficiently into alinement with the barrel to cause it to enter l5 the chamber of the barrel, also, to improve the firing mechanism so that it shall be fully under control of the operator and shall act in part to open the breech of the gun and to swing the magazine to feeding position, and,

zo in general, to improve the .construction of l guns ofthe general character stated.

The invention consistsdn the construction of the magazine, of the barrel and frame con nections, of the iiring mechanism, and ofthe combination of elements vhereinafter dcscribed, and more specifically pointed out in the claims. 'i

Figure 1 is a longitudinal central section of a pistol involving .my present invention,

3o showing cartridges in magazine and barrel,

the barrel being in its open, position. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the saine pistol, but showing barrel and magazine and some of the o erating parts in elevation, the barrel being c osed to firing position. Fig.v 3 is a cross-section on the irregular line cc a looking forward or toward the muzzle of the istol. Fig. 4 is a top or front view of the yokeiaped push-piece. Fig. 5 is a top view ofthe firingullicce. Figj is a 'cross-section of the arre Ishowing the barrel-moving lever. Fig. 7 is an elevation of a modification when the pull-piece and firingpin are made integrali Fig. S is a broken side elevation of a modification of the magazine. Fig. 9 is a broken sideel-evation of a feed-tube which enters the magazine.

yThe un is of that class in-which the barrel moves orward to open the breech for the en- 5o trance of a cartridge or wrthdrawal of a shell,

the barrel not bein locked when in closed position, but held c osed by its own inertia and by springressure.

The numera 1 indicates the main frame,

which is bored from the/front to receive the barrel. The lower )art 2 of the frame is made separate and detachable and by its removal access is had to the working parts of the gun. The part 2 may be held in place by a screw at 3 and a pin at 4, or by other usual means.

The barrel 5 is made cylindrical in the main, but with a reduced front portion 6 and an inclined shoulder 7, leading from the larger to the smaller cylindrical part. A rinff 8, screw-threaded externally, sur rounds trlie reduced part 6 ofthe barrel and by entering the threaded opening at the front of t ie forward direction. Ring 8 has spring-fingers l() ext-ending rearwardly and with inclined ends. The inclined shouldei` 7 of the barrel strikes these inclined fingers 10 of the barrelholding ring when the barrel moves to its extreme forward position, the fingers acting as a buffer and moderating the rebound of the barrel backward. The frame is slightly out away around the 'lingers 10 to permit their expansion.

A muzzlarin 11 on the barrel serves as a handle' to draw it forward when desirable.

The barrel is pressed backwardly in the frame, as by a strong spring 12, acting by a link 'connection on forked lever 13, as in my Patent 726,399, of April 28, 1903. The arms of this lever 13 enter notches 14 in the sides of the barrel in the present case, and the forked lever may be actuated to press the barrel either forward or backward.

The butt-piece or butt-plate 15 is not held rigid to the frame, but yields somewhat like the elastic butt-plates of well-known guns.

When the gun is fired, the recoil carries back the frame proper, includin the recoilshield or breech-piece 16; but tile plate 15, resting against the hand of the operator, is relatively moved forward, bearing directly on the pushiece 17. This push-piece 17 (preferably in orm of a yoke) bears directly against lever 13 when the barrel is closed, as shown in Fig. 2. The recoil ofthe gun thus tends to start the barrel forward by the action of the yielding butt-plate.

I have found in practice that when a gun of this general character lis held rigidly the barrel may not moveto its extreme forward' position under the imcpulse of the passing projectile and gases an so fails to fully open IOO the breech; but 'with the additional impulse of the recoil (acting in this instance through a yielding butt-plate and barrel-moving mechanism) this difliculty is overcome and the barrel is fully opened,whether the gun be iirmly or loosely held.

The recoil im ulse of the frame part against the inertia of t e barrel, when permitted by the yielding gri insured by the spring buttplate, will usua ly sufficiently assist the impulse given by the primary opening effect of y the discharge to fully open the breech even without assistance from the push-piece.

The yielding butt-plate has a strong spring 19 interposed between itself and the recoil-shield 16. This permits a backward movement of the frame with reference to the butt-plate.

The magazine 20 is of the class in which the cartridges are placed end to end and pressed forward by a spline-follower, as 21. In Figs. 1 and 2 the magazine is shown as iivoted at 22 to a suitable abutment in the frame, so as to swing on said pivot. In the stock of a pistol the magazine must be curved or bent; but in a shoulder-gun the same principle may be embodied in a lmagazine practically straight.

A spring 23, bearing against the rear face of the magazine below its pivot 22, tends to lift the front end of the magazine either against or behind the barrel. The front end of. the magazine is inclined, (shown at 24,) and a backward movement of the barrel presses down the front of the magazine, an abutment on the barrel riding along this inoline 2li and forcing down the magazine by cam or wedge action.

When the barrel is nearly forward, as in Fig. l, the .front corner of the magazine comes behinda shoulder or notch'25 in the barrel and holds the barrel forward until the front of the magazine is swung down. A strong spring-lever 26 is hung on a pivot in the frame, and its rear arm bears on the in agazine to lift or hold it upward 'whenever the barrel is far enough forward for the enlarged part 5 to bear on the front arm 27 of the spring-lever 26; but when the barrel moves back this spring-lever 26 becomes inert, 'will be understood from Fig. 2.

In the construction shown the lower end of the magazine is inclosed in a sliding plate 28, which covers the opening in the lower end of the pistol-stock. This is a convenient but not essential construction.

I prefer to inclose the cartridges in a loading-tube 30, which can be removed from and replaced in the magazine-tube. ln the curved magazine illustrated the loadingtube is made either curved or flexible to be able to curve. A ilexible construction is shown in Fig. 9, where the thin tube is partly severed by cuts 31.

The loading-tube may be composed of any material which Will readily bend. For convenience for packing and shipment and storage in a cartridge-box itis manifest that straight/tubes are advantageous, and a tube of flexible material consequently has the advantages of both the straight and the curved construction.

The loading-tube 30 is held in the outer tube by the usual spring-dog 60, pressed by spring 211.

In the modification shown in Fig. 8 the lower part a of the magazine may be fixed, while the upper or front part b is made mevable on the pivot c, the spring d acting to lift the front of the magazine. A long flexible follower 64 is in this case provided. As 'the front end of the magazine acts as a cartridgecarrier to guide cartridge into the barrel, it is obviously immaterial whether' the whole magazine or only a part of it rocks into and out of the general line of the barrel.

In the csition of Fig. 1 the magazine is shown to e full of cartridges and a cartridge is in the barrel. This latter cartridge can be inserted by moving the barrel forward by hand before or after the magazine is iilled with cartridges. As the magazine feeds directly into 'the breech end of the barrel, a cartridge or shell in the barrel will act as a stop for succeeding cartridges, and when the open barrel is in front of the magazine loading will proceed automatically. Any usual.

extractor, as 61, may be used to withdraw the empty shell. An inclined cartridge-stop 32 extends freni the frame in front of the magazine when the magazine is in lowered position.-

'lhe gun in the position of Fig. 1 may be considered as in cocked iosition, the magazine acting as a. sear and the barrel a hammer. The lowering of the front of the magazine permits the barrel to be driven quickly backward by the force of spring 12, bringing the cartridge forcibly against the firingpin 33.

The firing-pin 33, as illustrated in Figs. l and 2, fits loosely in an enlarged o )cning in the recoil-plate 16. The head of tlie firingpin may drop down, as in Fig. 1, and in such case the pin is retracted by spring 34, so that its point does not project far enough to iire a cartridge.

A pull-picco 35, preferably forked, has an incline which extends under the head of the firing-pin. YVIhen this pull-piece 35 is drawn forward, the movement lifts the head of the tiring-pin along incline 36 in the frame, and the Vfiring-pin is then held so far forward that its point will explode a cartridge in the backwardly-inoving barrel. When the incline on the pull-piece has lifted the firing-pin, a straight portion holds it up, while the pullpiece may move further,

The pull-piece 35 has an arm at each side of the magazine, and its fork is in rear of the magazine. The forked trigger 40 is pivoted IOO IIO

in the frame in usual position, and its upperA arms 62 62 rest between the shoulders 41 and 42 on the arms of the pull-piece 35 in position parts resume the position of Fig. 1.

S ring-lever 26, actuated by shoulder-70 4on t e barrel, lifts the front endof the magazine as soon as the barrel has moved far and beginsiits backward or closing move` enough forward to permit this movement, and the l'front of the magazine remains elevated while the barrel completes i ts forward ment. As soon as the shoulder 7 O has moved back far enough to relieve pressure on arm 27 of the spring-lever 26 the'pull on the tigger (which had been overcome bythe action of spring-lever 26) again becomes effective to v lower the front vof the magazine, and the bar rel having meantime received a cartridge from the magazine moves back for another firing; but if itis desired to discontinue the firing the pressure on the trigger is released,

and the barrel stays forward, the magazine d acting as a Sear or barrel-lock, as in Fig. 1.

The magazine when its frontend swings upward serves to throw out any empty shell which may be in the grasp of the cartridge extractor.

In carrying the pistol it is preferable that it be in the position of Fig. 2, as the length over all is then decreased, and in Fig. 2 the barrel is not in full cock position, although said barrel is in firin'g position.

' When the barrel is closed to the rear, as in Fig. 2, and the trigger is in the position shownin dotted lines, a forward pressure on the lower-end of the trigger carries the shoulder 44 ef the trigger forward and allows the point of the mains ring to-drop a little to enage in a notch be 'nd the said shoulder 44. he point of the mainspring then serves as a v sea-r to hold the trigger forward, and apull yss on the trl ger in the ordinary manner` will then turn t e shoulder 44 down and back under the point of the mainspring to release said spring. This permits the mainspring 45 to relieve its tension by a 'nick move-v ment tothe position of Fig. 1, t owing the up er arms of the trigger, the ull-piece 35, an the firing-pin .33 uickly forward, and firing the cartridge.l he 'further action of the gun is then similar' to what has been described. The modified pull-piecear i firinglpingof Fig. 7 shows how these parts becomea coactive for the purpose of a striker to 'explode the cartridge. In this modification, 330 indicates the kfiring-pin and 350 the pullpiece, lforming one integral part. y i

A pin 4.8 (shown in Fig. 3) and its position (shown in Fig. 1) extends through the wall of the barrel.4 A spring 49' in the side of the frame bears on the outer end of this pin when the barrel is in forward position, and thus applies pressure to the cartridge in the firingchamber of the barrel to prevent said cartridge from becomi ig'displaced.A As the bar- .rel moves back to firing position this pin 48 is carried from under the spring49, so .that`V pin 41S is loose and offers 'io resistance to the extraction .of the cartridge.

I have not attempted to describe the preelse construction of all the parts, as I believe an expert mechanic from the vabove description, aided by the drawings, will be able to construct and use my invention, although the figures of drawings are not made to scale and are explanatory, not actual working drawin s.

My c aims areintended to cover the broad subject-matter to which they refer, except in instances where they are specifically limited in their terms.

1What I claim is- 1. In a magazine-gun, a longitudinallyV reciprocating barrel having nshoulder thereon, a frame in which said barrel slides,.and a retaining-ri ng surrounding the barrel and held by the frame, said ring havirg elasticA fi? gers against which the shoulder of the bar-4 rel abnts in the forward movement, all combined. i

2. In a magazine-gun a frame, a longitudinally-moving barrel provided with an inclined shoulder, and a ring surrounding the barrel and held by the frame, said ring having spring-ingers with. inclined ends proj ect. inv toward the inclined shoulder of the barrela, all combined.

3. In a magazine-gun, a frame-bored from its front to receive a cylindrical barrel,' a removable retamlng-ring, a barrel generally rro cylindrical but having notched sides, and a forked lever hung in the frame and having its arms in the notches in the barrel, whereby the removable barrel moves the lever orthe lever the barrel in both directions.

4. The combination with the barrel havin notches in its sides, of a forked lever pivote in the frame and having its fork-arms in said notches, a butt-piece hin ed to the stock, and a push-piece interpose between 'said forked lever and said buttieee.

, 5. In a magazine-gun, t e combination of a frame, a longitudinally-reciprocating barrel, a swinging magazine having an incline, and

an abutment on the barrel acting to swing the magazine by engaging the incline thereof.

6. In a magazine-gun, a longitudinally-y movable barrel, a .pivoted endwise-feeding movable magazine, and a lever operated by the barrel to swing the magazine, all combined.

7. In a magazine-gun, a longitudinallymoving barrel, a movable swinging magazine, and a lever pivoted in the frame, said barrel in part of its movement acting on an arm of the lever to bear on the magazine, and. in another part releasing the lever and magazine.

8. In an automatic gun, a longitudinallymoving barrel, a movable magazine, leveractuated by the barrel in its forward movement to move the magazine into the line of' movement of the barrel, and a trigger connected to the magazine for the removal of the same from the path of the barrel.

9. In a magazine-gun, a curved magazine pivoted in the stock and having its front end movable into'line with the rear of the barrel, and a flexible loading-tube constructed to enter said magazine and to conform to the Curve thereof.

10. ln a magazine-gun, a longitudinallyreciprocating barrel, a 'liring-pin laterally and longitudinally movable in the frame, and an incline in the frame byV which the lateral movement of the liring- )in in one direction also advances said pin, all combined.

11. In a magazine-gun, a longitudinallyreeiprocatin barrel, a firing-pin laterally and longitudinal y movable in the frame, an inoline on the frame against which the head of the iringfpin bears, and a movable piece connected to the trigger by which the firing-pin may b'e forced along said incline, all combined.

12. In combination with a curved magazine, a flexible loading-tube 'constructed to.

enter said magazine and to conform to the curve thereof.

13. ln combination with a curved magazine, a loading-tube constructed to enter Said magazine said loading-tube having a series of transverse cuts in its sides, so asto flex in the magazine.

i4. ln a magazine-gun, the combination of the barrel, trigger pivoted in the frame and having a shoulder thereon, a pull-piece and a liring-pin eoperating with the trigger, and a mainspring arranged to bear on either the rear or the top of the trigger-shoulder as described, so as to bear the trigger inV one direc-Y tion or swing it forcibly in the other direc-e tion.

l5. The combination of the frame, a trigger pivoted therein and having a shoulder be low the pivot, a mainspring bearing on Said shoulder, a pull-piece engaging the trigger above the pivot, and a iringpin coperating with the pull-piece.

16. The combination of the frame, a trigger pivoted therein, the mains ring bearing on an abutment of the trigger om the rear, or striking the trigger from above according to the pos1tion ofthe trig er, and means connected to the trigger for iring the cartridge.

17. The combination of a reci rocating barrel, a cartridge-holding pin, anclla spring in the frame and bearing on the cartridgeholding pin when the barrel is in forward position.

In testimony whereof' l aiiiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ANDREW? BURGESS.

1Witnesses:

E. H. PARKINS, W. A. BARTLETT. 

